Listen to the examples below and compare how each dynamic should be played with the opening reference notes. Usually the appreviation is used to show dynamics in a piece of music. Below you can see how mezzo forte has been abbreviated to mf. Two additional terms are used to describe changing dynamics.
Dynamics Dynamics means how quietly or loudly a piece of music should be played. Pianissimo pp — very quiet. Piano is the word we use to describe quiet or soft in music. Again, this will most of the time get abbreviated to the first letters of each word: mp or mf.
Pianissimo will get abbreviated to double letter ps and fortissimo will get abbreviated to double letter fs as shown below. Not as common but still worth mentioning is that we can have very, very loud and very, very quiet dynamics. In the first movement at around 10 minutes in he writes a lot of ps, six ps at one point which is pianississississimo, a bit of a mouthful to say.
Diminuendo gets abbreviated to dim. Last updated 2nd March It basically tells whoever is playing using the sheet music to play that part of the song quietly. When it is present in a musical piece , it tells the musician to play that section of the music loudly.
The final term for static dynamics in music is mezzo. So, pp, for pianissimo, and ff for fortissimo. So you have pianississimo, which means very very quiet, and even pianissississimo which means very very very quiet.
Basically, like the name implies, the volume of the music changes from one level to another whether gradually or suddenly. It means to get louder gradually.
Basically, this is the opposite of the crescendo.
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